Thursday, June 18, 2015

Pain Management in Polycystic Kidney Disease

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is passed down through families (inherited), usually as an autosomal dominant trait. If one parent carries the gene, the children have a 50% chance of developing the disorder.

Pain is a common complaint in patients with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), afflicting about 60% of patients with an established diagnosis.

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) ultimately occurs in approximately 50% of patients with ADPKD by 60 years of age, and over the slow course of the disease there are a constellation of symptoms and associated findings. The spectrum of pain is the focus of this article. About 30% of ADPKD patients have accompanying polycystic liver disease upon presentation. However, the presence of liver cysts is age-dependent in ADPKD patients and may eventually be noted in up to 75 to 80% of these patients.

Persons with PKD have many clusters of cysts in the kidneys. What exactly triggers the cysts to form is unknown.

PKD is associated with the following conditions:

Aortic aneurysms
Brain aneurysms
Cysts in the liver, pancreas, and testes
Diverticula of the colon

As many as half of people with PKD have cysts on the liver. A family history of PKD increases your risk for the condition.

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